What characteristics does a disc spring have? Do you know?

　　Disc spring, also known as Belleville washer, was first invented by the French Belleville over 100 years ago. In the early 1930s, engineers (G.M.) Almen and Laszio developed the theory and established the production and quality standards DIN 2092 and DIN 2093. These standards have been accepted worldwide as the industrial standards for disc springs and have spread throughout Europe, being widely adopted by many multinational companies. Disc springs are conical and disc-shaped, differing from traditional springs, and have their unique functions. Their main characteristics include high load capacity, short stroke, small space requirement, convenient combination use, easy maintenance and replacement, and high economic safety. Disc springs are suitable for precision heavy machinery with limited space and heavy loads. The appropriate range of their compression stroke is between 10% and 75% of their maximum compression stroke.

　　To a large extent, disc springs are replacing cylindrical helical springs and are commonly used in heavy machinery (such as presses), cannons, aircraft, and other weapons as powerful cushioning and damping springs, as well as compression springs for clutches and safety valves in cars and tractors, and energy storage components in motor equipment.

　　Disc springs can be classified into three categories based on their cross-sectional shape: ordinary disc springs (rectangular cross-section), radial groove disc springs, and trapezoidal cross-section disc springs. Ordinary disc springs are divided into supporting and non-supporting surfaces. The Belleville spring with radial grooves is based on the ordinary Belleville spring, with several uniformly distributed grooves set radially. The grooves can open from the inner hole to the outer circle or from the outer circle to the inner hole. Trapezoidal disc springs can be divided into two types: those with inner edge thickness greater than outer edge thickness and those with inner edge thickness less than outer edge thickness.

　　Since the deformation and load of a single disc spring cannot meet the requirements, they can be used in groups to form a disc spring assembly (column). Typical combinations include stacked disc springs, composite disc springs, and other combined disc springs.

　　What characteristics do disc springs have compared to cylindrical helical springs? Let's analyze it together.

　　First, the load deformation characteristic curve of the disc spring shows a nonlinear relationship.

　　Secondly, disc springs are thinner and easier to form components, allowing for block assembly and replacement, which facilitates maintenance.

　　Thirdly, the stiffness of disc springs with radial grooves is zero. This characteristic can be used in situations where the spring force needs to remain basically stable within a certain deformation range.

　　Fourth, the damping performance of disc springs is not lower than that of cylindrical helical springs. When using stacked combinations, due to the friction between the disc springs, disc springs have greater damping, dissipating impact energy.

        The above is a brief introduction to disc springs by the editor, hoping it can help everyone.